联合国大会决议

联合国大会于2002年12月16日通过的题为“加强国际城市搜索与救援援助的实效与协调”的第57/150号决议，是在国际搜索与救援咨询团的推动下制定的。该决议是国际搜索与救援咨询团开展工作的基石，它核准了国际搜索与救援咨询团指南与方法，并着重强调了其使命所系的关键原则。United Nations General Assembly Resolution 57/150, adopted on 16 December 2002, titled “Strengthening the Effectiveness and Coordination of International Urban Search and Rescue Assistance”, was developed through the efforts of INSARAG. This resolution serves as a cornerstone for INSARAG’s work, endorsing the INSARAG Guidelines and Methodology while emphasizing key principles central to its mission.

该决议的一个关键之处在于，它重申各国有首要责任照料其境内的自然灾害受灾人员。决议申明，受援国在发起、组织、协调和实施人道主义援助方面具有主导地位。国际城市搜索与救援（USAR）旨在补充而非取代受灾国的现有能力，包括当地救援力量。决议还强调，必须及时协调资源，以在灾害应对中最大限度地提高效率。A pivotal aspect of the resolution is its reaffirmation that each state holds the primary responsibility to care for victims of natural disasters within its borders. It asserts the affected state’s primacy in the initiation, organization, coordination, and implementation of humanitarian assistance. International Urban Search and Rescue (USAR) is intended to supplement, rather than replace, the affected country’s existing capacity, including local rescuers. The resolution also underscores the importance of timely coordination of resources to maximize efficiency during disaster response.

对于超出一国应对能力的事件，决议强调需要技术过硬的国际援助，尤其是在地震和其他结构倒塌事件发生后开展的城市搜索与救援行动中。For incidents exceeding the capacity of a single country, the resolution emphasizes the need for technically proficient international assistance, particularly in USAR operations following earthquakes and other structural collapse events.

该决议备有多种语文文本，包括阿拉伯文、英文、法文、俄文和西班牙文。The resolution is available in multiple languages, including Arabic, English, French, Russian, and Spanish.

提案国Sponsor Countries

下列国家为2002年联合国大会第57/150号决议的提案国：The following countries sponsored United Nations General Assembly Resolution 57/150 of 2002:

阿富汗、阿尔巴尼亚、阿根廷、澳大利亚、奥地利、阿塞拜疆、加拿大、智利、哥伦比亚、克罗地亚、捷克共和国、丹麦、埃及、格鲁吉亚、德国、希腊、危地马拉、匈牙利、冰岛、印度、意大利、日本、莱索托、卢森堡、马来西亚、马耳他、墨西哥、摩纳哥、荷兰、新西兰、尼加拉瓜、挪威、秘鲁、波兰、葡萄牙、大韩民国、摩尔多瓦共和国、罗马尼亚、俄罗斯联邦、斯洛伐克、南非、西班牙、瑞典、瑞士、塔吉克斯坦、前南斯拉夫马其顿共和国、突尼斯、土耳其、大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国和美利坚合众国。Afghanistan, Albania, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Hungary, Iceland, India, Italy, Japan, Lesotho, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malta, Mexico, Monaco, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Norway, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Republic of Korea, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Russian Federation, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Tunisia, Turkey, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States of America.